3/19/2024 0 Comments Tribal wars trade route script![]() In return, the Americans promised to build a fort in Lenape territory for protection and promised trade goods. In the text of the signed treaty, the Lenape agreed to permit the Continental Army to cross across their lands, guide them to British locations, and to “join the troops of the United States.” On September 17, 1778, they signed a treaty called the Treaty of Fort Pitt, promising a “perpetual peace and friendship” between the two nations. The Lenape had an alliance with the French and interpreted this announcement as an expansion of existing Native American and European kinship networks that had been cultivated for centuries. The Americans also announced the recent alliance with France and offered to extend that “Bright and Extensive Chain” of “friendship and assistance” to the Lenape nation. Courtesy of the National Museum of the American Indian. The 1778 wampum belt the Lenape presented to the Lewis brothers was made of similar materials and meant to convey a kinship relationship between parties. The Lenape nation presented this 1680s-era wampum belt to William Penn, English founder of Pennsylvania, as part of a land sale or treaty. Wampum belts were a symbolic tool of treaty-making in some Native nations that showed parties in a kinship relationship. The Lenape presented the Lewis brothers with a belt of white wampum showing, in black, the 13 United States and the Lenape nation in a visual chain of the alliance. The American diplomats greeted their Lenape counterparts as “Brothers” and “the Chief and Wise men of the Delaware nation.” They explained why they had sought the negotiations, acknowledging that “the Chain of Friendship” (between the Americans and the British) had “Contracted some Rust, of a very Dangerous Nature” and were in need of Lenape assistance. But both communicated using the diplomatic tools that had been established between Native nations and European nations when the American colonies had been part of the British empire. ![]() No one is certain which language the Lenape and Americans spoke during the negotiations, but it was most likely a mixture of Algonquian dialects and English. diplomats met with Koquethagechton (White Eyes), Gelemend (John Killbuck, Jr.), and Konieschquanoheel or Hopocan (Captain Pipe) at Fort Pitt in western Pennsylvania to begin negotiations. Courtesy of JCB Archive of Early American Images. with his Tomohawk scalping knife, &c.,” depicts the stereotypical white European propaganda that Native Americans posed a threat to Europe’s colonization of North America. This racialized 1766 English drawing, “A Delaware Indian. European countries made contact with the Lenape nation in the 17th century, negotiating treaties and trade agreements. Congress appropriated $10,000 for goods and gifts to present to the Lenape leaders to show the United States’ goodwill. The United States appointed brothers Andrew and Thomas Lewis as official diplomats to secure permission from the Lenape to cross through their lands. But the route crossed Lenape territory in the Ohio Valley. In 1778, after news came from France that the Treaty of Amity and Commerce and the Treaty of Alliance had been secured, the Continental Army planned to march forces west and attack the British at Detroit. Why did this treaty differ from the French alliance earlier that year? And why did it so quickly fall apart?Ĭrossing Lenape Territory During The Revolutionary War This great nation once thrived in this area, traversing the waterways, establishing trade and travel along the Natchez Trace, and excelling in warfare and diplomacy for years.During the Revolutionary War, one of the United States’ earliest treaties was with the Lenape (Delaware) nation aimed at building an alliance against the British: the Treaty of Fort Pitt. When you visit Natchez, MS you are visiting the heart of the ancient Natchez homelands. Visit their webpages to learn more about these modern American Indian tribes. The people of the Chickasaw Nation, the Choctaw Nation and the people of the Mississippi Band of Choctaw Indians are alive and well today. The Choctaw, Chickasaw, and Natchez are some of the most historically significant and influential groups of people to have lived along the Natchez Trace. These American Indian nations were some of the first to establish the Natchez Trace, ushering in an era of trade and travel through this region for centuries.Īlong what is now the Natchez Trace Parkway, the Chickasaw people lived in the northmost region, the Choctaw were in the central area, and the Natchez were the southermost of these three tribes. NPS Hadley Exhibit Natchez Trace Parkway Visitor Center ![]() Map depicting the Chickasaw, Choctaw, and Natchez nations along the Natchez Trace. ![]()
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